Kazalniki in kazalci ravnanja z okoljem v podjetjih

Asserting the requirements of SIST EN ISO standards (14001:2005) points to the capability of enforcing organizational novelties, however, it does not provide a real picture of actual environmental performance and environmental management. The purpose of this research is to establish the actual role and performance of environmental management. Moreover, the research aims to establish the role and significance of environmental system indicators (showing the state of the environment or a phenomenon) as the data on a specific feature or state of the environment and indicators (relative number) as the comparison of the state or development of environmental management in the operations of Slovenian enterprises and their efforts towards sustainable development. Inlets for measuring environmental management performance are presented by measurable results of environmental management in an enterprise. The results were compared by the organizational environmental policy, indicative environmental targets and other requirements that are given in EFQM directions in achieving business excellence. Survey was conducted in 120 Slovenian enterprises. The results of this research provide the guidelines and platform or principles for further discussion and research in the field of environmental management. Our hypothesis, which provided that the manner of management in an enterprise and environmental management are interrelated, should also contribute new knowledge to research issues in the field of organization management and environmental managementUveljavljanje zahtev in elementov standardov SIST EN ISO 14001:2005 kaže le na sposobnost uveljavljanja organizacijskih novosti, ob tem ne daje realne slike o dejanskih okoljskih učinkih in dejanskem ravnanju z okoljem. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, kakšna je dejanska vloga in učinki ravnanja z okoljem ter kakšna sta vloga in pomen kazalcev (kaže stanje okolja ali pojava ) okolja kot podatkov o določeni lastnosti oziroma stanju okolja in kazalnikov (relativno število) kot primerjave stanja oziroma razvoja ravnanja z okoljem v poslovanju slovenskih podjetjih in njihovih prizadevanj k trajnostnemu razvoju. Vhode za merjenje učinka ravnanja z okoljem so predstavljali merljivi rezultati ravnanja z okoljem v podjetju. Rezultate smo primerjali z okoljsko politiko organizacije, okvirnimi okoljskimi cilji in drugimi zahtevami, kot jih podajajo smernice EFQM za poslovno odličnost. Anketa je bila izvedena v 120 slovenskih podjetjih. Z ugotovitvami raziskave so podane smernice in izhodišča za nadaljnje razprave in raziskovanja na področju okoljskega ravnanja. Hipoteza, da sta bistveno povezana način upravljanja in ravnanje z okoljem podjetja, naj bi prispevala nova spoznanja k raziskovalni problematiki na področju upravljanja organizacije in ravnanja z okoljem

European Union directives in poultry production cages: alternative production of table eggs- implementation practice

Nedovoljno osmišljene ekonomske i pravne mjere pretvorbe ex-društvenog sektora u poljoprivredi (i prerađivačko-prehrambenog kompleksa), kao i višegodišnja neodređena vanjskotrgovinska politika, no i kaš¬¬nje¬¬nje s uklju-čivanjem Hrvatske u gospodarske integracije (WTO, CEFTA i u EU), rezultiralo je tehnološkim zaostajanjem peradarskih farmi za proizvodnju konzumnih jaja, dok je situacija kod peradarskih farmi za proizvodnju mesa većim dijelom stabilna, te su peradarske farme za proizvodnju mesa u tijeku tehnoloških zahtjeva i trendova proizvodnje. Visoki eksterni troškovi proizvod¬¬nje, kruti porezni sustav, kronični nedostatak (za poljoprivredu nužnog) jeftinog kapitala, neracionalan trgovinski i distribucijski sustav, te nedostatna proračunska potpora neki su od glavnih čimbenika zaostajanja farmi za proizvodnju konzumnih jaja, te visokih cijena proizvoda. Od 1960-ih godina nadalje peradarska proizvodnja u Hrvatskoj usmjerava se na industrijski način proizvod¬¬nje. Sve do 1991. godine neprekidno raste (stopa oko 3 % god.), poprimivši u znatnom dijelu sve odlike suvremenoga »industrijaliziranog« peradarstva. Zbog ratnih razara¬¬nja, napušta¬¬nja peradarskih farmi, procesa pretvorbe i pada kupovne moći, u proteklom desetogodiš¬¬njem razdoblju dolazi isprva do znatnog pada proizvod¬¬nje i kasnije do stagnacije. Prema zastupljenosti pojedinih vrsta peradi (1990), 93 % otpada na kokoši, 2 % čine pure, 2 % patke i 3 % guske. Ostale vrste peradi kao što su biserke, prepelice, fazani i golubovi, čine neznatan dio populacije peradi. Potroš¬¬nja peradarskih proizvoda (mesa i jaja) per capita u Hrvatskoj u 2000., s oko 15 do 17 kg mesa peradi i 170-180 jaja, negdje je između svjetskog prosjeka i prosjeka visoko razvijenih zemalja.Croatia is in the process of becoming an EU member, and this process implies the implementation of complete legislation, and, partially, of the EC Council Directives for minimum standards for the protection of laying hens. this implementation is necessary, and if Croatia starts with this process sooner, the process will be less painful for producers. Considering the situation in table egg production, further investment in the production is necessary, to increase the production efficiency and legally regulate the implementation of minimum standards for the protection of laying hens. At the moment, it is too early to give a general recommendation as to the type of table egg production, as even inside the EU there are different opinions and directions. A good way could be to follow the countries that became EU members in 2004. On the basis of their experiences, it will be possible to prepare a recommendation which will satisfy the opinions of producers, the Government and of consumers. In general, it can be concluded: Maintaining the existing situation is not possible. The implementation of regulations on the floor space per hen can jeopardize economical production figures. The implementation of EU regulations on cages may prove less painful, as the main part of conventional cage regulation is over 20 years old and need to be changed any way. The implementation of alternative systems can be most useful as to the legislation implementation; it may, however, prove troublesome, as there is still no legislation in Croatia on the kind of egg production, and therefore no market evaluation of eggs produced “out” of cages. Also, new problems need to be taken into consideration which will arise with a new kind of production – issues on genetics, management, prevention and hygiene. Also, economical viability of production should be taken into account: reducing production costs, to improving ambient control where necessary and control production, with the target to reduce costs to the lowest possible level, and simultaneously maintain optimal conditions within a farm

Politika, strategija in organizacijska kultura trajnostnega razvoja in ravnanja z okoljem v podjetjih

In May 2001 European Commision adopted sustainable development strategy focused on long-term politics and actions on various fields including economic, social and ecological; previously mentioned adopted new concepts linked with sustainable development present new challenges for Slovenian companies. Managers are key factor which can have impact on sustainable development, because they are familiar with the natural state of affairs in bussiness due to possesing right informations and secondly they are fully responsible for the leadership. Greatest power in companies is possed by its leading managers, who choose what and how to work. Consequently managers are with their leadership and behavior fundamental point of sustainable development. The purpose of this research is to establish the actual role and performance of managers in planning sustainable development and environmental management policy, strategy and organizational culture in Slovenian companies. Survey was conducted in 120 Slovenian enterprises. The results of this research provide the guidelines and platform or principles for further discussion and research in the field of sustainable development and environmental management policy, strategy and organizational culture. We developed a proposal for improvements to the management to assist in improving environmental management and quality management in Slovenian companies.Maja 2001 je Evropska komisija sprejela Strategijo trajnostnega razvoja, v kateri predstavlja dolgoročno politiko in ukrepe na ekonomskem, socialnem in ekološko trajnostnem področju, kar predstavlja za slovenska podjetja nove izzive. Ključni dejavnik, ki lahko vpliva na trajnostni razvoj so vršni managerji, ki imajo po našem mnenju največ informacij o poslovanju in so odgovorni za voditeljstvo. Imajo največjo moč v podjetjih katera vodijo, saj sami izbirajo kaj in kako delat. To pa posledično pomeni, da lahko z lastnim načinom voditeljstva in obnašanjem največ prispevajo k trajnostnemu razvoju. Namen naše raziskave je bilo ugotoviti, kakšna je dejanska vloga ravnateljev pri načrtovanju politike, strategije in organizacijske kulture trajnostnega razvoja in ravnanja z okoljem v slovenskih podjetji. Anketirali smo 120 zaposlenih sodelavcev v različnih naključno izbranih slovenskih podjetjih. Izhodišče, da so bistveno povezani politika, strategija, organizacijska kultura trajnostnega razvoja in ravnanje z okoljem podjetja, naj bi prispevala nova spoznanja k raziskovalni problematiki na področju trajnostnega razvoja. Izdelali smo predlog izboljšav, ki naj bi bil v pomoč managementu pri izboljšanju ravnanja z okoljem in kakovosti poslovanja v slovenskih podjetjih